Answer:

Sure, let's break down the programs step by step:

### Program 4:

```plaintext

FOR i = 1 TO 4

FOR space = 1 TO 4 - i PRINT " ";

FOR j = 1 TO i

PRINT j;

FOR k = i - 1 TO 1 STEP -1 PRINT k;

PRINT

NEXT i

```

#### Output:

```

1

1 2 1

1 2 3 2 1

1 2 3 4 3 2 1

```

#### Explanation:

- **i:** Iterates from 1 to 4 in the outer loop.

- **space:** Prints spaces based on the value of `i`.

- **j:** Prints ascending numbers from 1 to `i`.

- **k:** Prints descending numbers from `i-1` to 1.

### Program 5:

```plaintext

FOR i = 1 TO 4

FOR space = 1 TO 4 - i PRINT " ";

FOR j = i TO 1 STEP -1

PRINT j;

FOR k = 2 TO i PRINT k;

PRINT

NEXT i

```

#### Output:

```

1 2 3 4

1 2 3

1 2

1

```

#### Explanation:

- **i:** Iterates from 1 to 4 in the outer loop.

- **space:** Prints spaces based on the value of `i`.

- **j:** Prints descending numbers from `i` to 1.

- **k:** Prints ascending numbers from 2 to `i`.

These programs use nested loops to control the flow and printing of numbers and spaces. The `space` loop manages indentation based on the value of `i`, and the `j` and `k` loops control the printing of numbers in ascending and descending order.