Explanation:

Answer 1: There were undesirable effects of the new land revenue system of rural life. For payment of taxes, Indian farmers started selling the crops at whatever price it received. The merchants and brokers started purchasing their goods at a minimum rate. At certain times the farmer had to mortgage his land to the money lender for arrangement of money to pay the tax. Hence, farmers became bankrupt.

Answer 2: The British government obtained huge taxes on goods exported from India to England. On the other hand, very little tax was imposed on goods imported from England to India. Also, the goods manufactured in England were machine made and hence, there was a maximum production at minimum cost. To compete with such cheap products was difficult for the Indian artisans. Eventually, it led to closing down of traditional industries and many artisans became unemployed. In this way, traditional industries saw a decline in India.

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# ꒱ Chapter 3 — Effects of British rule (class 8)

explain the following statements with reasons.

1. farmers in India became bankrupt.

— i. farmer in India face lot of problems due to the new land revenue policy.

ii. according to the new revenue policy the farmers had to pay in cash and his care of delays they had no mortgage the land to the money lender in exchange of money.

iii. in care of non-payment the loan of the money lender or the government used to take his land.

thus, the farmer was exploited from all friends and used to become bankrupt.

2. there was a decline of traditional industries in India.

— i. due to industrial revolution the british mills started to gain large scale production for which they transfer raw material from India.

ii. the trading policies levied very low tax on the goods exported from England to India.

iii. as a result of this, traditional industries faced loss due to the large production time non-availability of imported goods.

hence Indian industries faced closure.