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Answer:

We can solve for the total number of students in the class by setting up a proportion:

18 is 40% of x

where x is the total number of students in the class.

To solve for x, we can first convert 40% to a decimal by dividing it by 100:

40% = 0.40

Then we can isolate x by multiplying both sides of the equation by the reciprocal of 0.40:

18 ÷ 0.40 = x

x = 45

Therefore, there are a total of 45 students in the class.