Answer:

1. The speed at which a passage of music is or should be played.

2. Tempo markings are written above the stave at the start of a piece of music.

3. Grave – slow and solemn (20–40 BPM)

Lento – slowly (40–45 BPM)

Largo – broadly (45–50 BPM)

Adagio – slow and stately (literally, “at ease”) (55–65 BPM)

Adagietto – rather slow (65–69 BPM)

Andante – at a walking pace (73–77 BPM)

Moderato – moderately (86–97 BPM)

Allegretto – moderately fast (98–109 BPM)

Allegro – fast, quickly and bright (109–132 BPM)

Vivace – lively and fast (132–140 BPM)

Presto – extremely fast (168–177 BPM)

Prestissimo – even faster than Presto (178 BPM and over)

4. Tempo is an important musical element that affects human’s emotional processes when listening to music. However, it remains unclear how tempo and training affect individuals’ emotional experience of music. To explore the neural underpinnings of the effects of tempo on music-evoked emotion, music with fast, medium, and slow tempi were collected to compare differences in emotional responses using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of neural activity between musicians and non-musicians.

Explanation:

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