Answer:

1. Plant cells have a cell wall, a large central vacuole, and plastids such as chloroplasts. The cell wall is a rigid layer that is found outside the cell membrane and surrounds the cell, providing structural support and protection. The central vacuole maintains turgor pressure against the cell wall.

2. Structures like the human tail bone and whale pelvis are called vestigial structures. Evolution has reduced their size because the structures are no longer used. The human appendix is another example of a vestigial structure.

3. Plants have different parts, like roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruit. These structures help them survive. ... Plants that live in really dry areas, like a desert, have special leaves. The spines on a cactus help protect it from animals that might try to eat the cactus in order to get the water stored inside.