1. As a bacteriophage of lactic or other fermentative bacteria. Bacteriophage infections of starter cultures can interfere seriously with the manufacture of cheese, buttermilk, sauerkraut, pickles, wine, beer, and other desirable fermentative products.
2. As disease transmitted by food to human beings. Although viruses require a live host cell and cannot multiply in foods, they can remain viable and infectious for long periods of time, even under highly adverse conditions, such as drying, freezing, and pasteurization.
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Answer:
1. As a bacteriophage of lactic or other fermentative bacteria. Bacteriophage infections of starter cultures can interfere seriously with the manufacture of cheese, buttermilk, sauerkraut, pickles, wine, beer, and other desirable fermentative products.
2. As disease transmitted by food to human beings. Although viruses require a live host cell and cannot multiply in foods, they can remain viable and infectious for long periods of time, even under highly adverse conditions, such as drying, freezing, and pasteurization.
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