Answer:

1. Reflection occurs in a mirror when light rays hit the surface of the mirror and bounce back in the same direction. Refraction occurs when light passes through the mirror's surface and changes direction due to a change in the medium's density (e.g., air to glass). The angle of incidence (the angle between the incoming light ray and the surface normal) is equal to the angle of reflection (the angle between the reflected ray and the surface normal) for reflection, while the angle of refraction (the angle between the refracted ray and the surface normal) depends on the refractive indices of the two media involved.

2. A mirror reflects the light that falls on it, creating an image of the objects in front of it. The image in the mirror is a virtual image, meaning it appears to be behind the mirror, and it is laterally inverted (left and right are flipped). The mirror itself is usually made of a flat or curved sheet of glass or other reflective material, such as aluminum or silver.

3. Reflection and refraction occur in mirrors due to the interaction between light and matter. When light hits the surface of the mirror, some of it is reflected, while some of it is transmitted into the mirror and refracted. The way in which light is reflected and refracted in the mirror depends on the angle of incidence, the angle of reflection, and the refractive indices of the media involved.

4. The most common type of mirror is a flat or curved sheet of glass coated with a thin layer of metal, usually aluminum or silver. This coating reflects the light that falls on the mirror and creates an image. Other materials, such as gold, chrome, or nickel, can also be used as reflective coatings. The thickness and uniformity of the reflective coating are critical to the mirror's performance, as any defects or irregularities can cause distortion or reduce reflectivity.

Answer:

1) Reflection happens in a mirror when light bounces off the smooth surface of the mirror and returns back towards the direction it came from. Refraction happens when light passes through the mirror's surface and changes direction due to the change in the speed of light as it moves from air to the glass of the mirror.

2) A mirror is typically made of a smooth and reflective surface, such as glass, that reflects light and forms an image of whatever is in front of it.

3) Reflection and refraction happen in a mirror due to the properties of light and the smooth surface of the mirror. When light hits the surface of the mirror, it is reflected back at the same angle as it hit the surface. Refraction occurs when light passes through the mirror's surface and changes direction due to the change in the speed of light as it moves from air to the glass of the mirror.

4) A mirror is typically made by coating a glass surface with a thin layer of metal, such as aluminum or silver. This metal coating reflects light and creates a smooth and reflective surface that forms an image. Sometimes, other materials may also be used to create a mirror, such as plastic or other reflective materials.